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How to Prepare for a Wine Cellar

The first step in creating a wine cellar is to choose a site for it. You must make sure your room can sustain the proper environmental conditions. This is necessary to ensure that your wines and champagnes develop in the most ideal conditions. Plan and prepare at this early stage so that you may be able to enjoy your wine under the finest conditions and protect your investment for many years.

When selecting a site for your wine cellar, you should choose a location below ground level, such as in a basement. A basement is generally an ideal location because the temperature is usually cooler and the conditions are usually humid. The perfect location in a basement would be in a corner with two outside walls and no windows. If you do not have a basement, you will need to properly insulate and seal your room, which will require special preparation and materials.

In order to have optimum conditions for your wine cellar, most experts suggest maintaining a temperature of 55 degrees Fahrenheit for your wine storage. If you maintain much colder temperatures, the wine won't be damaged, but you will slow down the aging process. Although if you have a temperature of at least 65 degrees, it will have a harmful effect on the wine if it is stored for a long period of time.

You also need to consider the humidity of your wine cellar. Ideally, 60% to 70% humidity is best, but 50% to 60% is okay. However, if the humidity is over 80% or more, mold may form on the corks and bottles. Also, if you are storing wine for a long period of time, you must prevent heat, direct light and vibration in order to preserve your wine correctly.

Deciding on the type and location of a cooling system for your wine cellar is also one of the more important decisions you will make. Keep in mind that most cooling units are installed through a wall and the outflow exits into an adjoining inside room that is as big, or preferably bigger, than the wine cellar. The surrounding temperature of the intended venting area should not be higher than 85 degrees Fahrenheit so that the unit will operate correctly. Split system and special units may be used and may need to be installed by licensed HVAC contractors.

There are two major kinds of cooling units; the standard self-contained unit and the split cooling systems. The split cooling systems are a form of central air conditioning. The self-contained units are set up so that they are vented through the cellar wall to the outside or to an exterior room. The split cooling system should be installed so that the condenser is installed outside the home and then ducted through to the evaporator in the cellar. In order to choose the proper cooling unit for your cellar, you first need to determine the cubic area of your room. (This is done by multiplying the length times the width times the height.)

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